Tifa's CP Library

:heavy_check_mark: mint (src/code/math/mint.hpp)

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#ifndef TIFALIBS_MATH_MINT
#define TIFALIBS_MATH_MINT

#include "../nt/inverse.hpp"
#include "../util/traits.hpp"

namespace tifa_libs::math {

template <class D, uint_c Rt>
class mint {
  CEXP D CR d() const { return static_cast<D CR>(*this); }
  CEXP D &d() { return static_cast<D &>(*this); }

 protected:
  Rt v_{};

 public:
  CEXP mint() {}
  template <int_c T>
  CEXP mint(T v) : v_(D::mod_(v)) {}
  CEXP operator D() { return d(); }

  using raw_type = Rt;
  using sraw_type = to_sint_t<Rt>;
  static CEXP raw_type mod() { return D::mod_(); }
  static CEXP sraw_type smod() { return (sraw_type)D::mod_(); }
  CEXP raw_type val() const { return d().val_(); }
  CEXP sraw_type sval() const { return (sraw_type)d().val_(); }
  CEXP raw_type &data() { return d().data_(); }
  template <int_c T>
  explicit CEXP operator T() const { return (T)val(); }
  CEXP mint &operator+=(mint CR r) { return d().adde_(r.d()); }
  CEXP mint &operator-=(mint CR r) { return d().sube_(r.d()); }
  CEXP mint &operator*=(mint CR r) { return d().mule_(r.d()); }
  CEXP mint &operator/=(mint CR r) { return *this = *this * r.inv(); }
  CEXP mint CR operator+() const { return *this; }
  CEXP mint operator-() const { return d().neg_(); }
  CEXP mint inv() const { return inverse(val(), mod()); }
  friend CEXP mint operator+(mint l, mint CR r) { return l += r; }
  friend CEXP mint operator-(mint l, mint CR r) { return l -= r; }
  friend CEXP mint operator*(mint l, mint CR r) { return l *= r; }
  friend CEXP mint operator/(mint l, mint CR r) { return l /= r; }
  friend CEXP bool operator==(mint CR l, mint CR r) { return l.val() == r.val(); }
  friend CEXP auto operator<=>(mint CR l, mint CR r) { return l.sval() - r.sval(); }
  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, mint &x) {
    i64 _;
    return is >> _, x = mint(_), is;
  }
  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, mint CR x) { return os << x.val(); }
  friend CEXP mint abs(mint CR x) { return x.val(); }
};

}  // namespace tifa_libs::math

#endif
#line 1 "src/code/math/mint.hpp"



#line 1 "src/code/nt/inverse.hpp"



#line 1 "src/code/nt/inv_gcd.hpp"



#line 1 "src/code/math/safe_mod.hpp"



#line 1 "src/code/util/traits.hpp"



#line 1 "src/code/util/util.hpp"



#include <bits/stdc++.h>

#define CEXP constexpr
#define TPN typename
#define CR const&

#define cT_(...) std::conditional_t<sizeof(__VA_ARGS__) <= sizeof(size_t), __VA_ARGS__, __VA_ARGS__ CR>
#define fle_(T, i, l, r, ...) for (T i = (l), i##e = (r)__VA_OPT__(, ) __VA_ARGS__; i <= i##e; ++i)
#define flt_(T, i, l, r, ...) for (T i = (l), i##e = (r)__VA_OPT__(, ) __VA_ARGS__; i < i##e; ++i)

#ifdef ONLINE_JUDGE
#undef assert
#define assert(x) 42
#endif

using i8 = int8_t;
using i16 = int16_t;
using i32 = int32_t;
using i64 = int64_t;
using i128 = __int128_t;
using isz = ptrdiff_t;

using u8 = uint8_t;
using u16 = uint16_t;
using u32 = uint32_t;
using u64 = uint64_t;
using u128 = __uint128_t;
using usz = size_t;

using f32 = float;
using f64 = double;
using f128 = long double;

template <class T>
using ptt = std::pair<T, T>;
template <class T>
using pt3 = std::tuple<T, T, T>;
template <class T>
using pt4 = std::tuple<T, T, T, T>;

template <class E>
using itl = std::initializer_list<E>;
template <class T, usz N>
using arr = std::array<T, N>;
template <class T>
using vec = std::vector<T>;
template <class T>
using vvec = vec<vec<T>>;
template <class T>
using v3ec = vec<vvec<T>>;
template <class U, class T>
using vecp = vec<std::pair<U, T>>;
template <class U, class T>
using vvecp = vvec<std::pair<U, T>>;
template <class T>
using vecpt = vec<ptt<T>>;
template <class T>
using vvecpt = vvec<ptt<T>>;
template <class T>
using ptvec = ptt<vec<T>>;
template <class T>
using ptvvec = ptt<vvec<T>>;

template <class T, class C = std::less<T>>
using pq = std::priority_queue<T, vec<T>, C>;
template <class T>
using pqg = std::priority_queue<T, vec<T>, std::greater<T>>;

using strn = std::string;
using strnv = std::string_view;
template <class T, usz ext = std::dynamic_extent>
using spn = std::span<T const, ext>;

#define mk_(V, A, T) using V##A = V<T>;
#define mk(A, T) mk_(ptt, A, T) mk_(pt3, A, T) mk_(pt4, A, T) mk_(vec, A, T) mk_(vvec, A, T) mk_(v3ec, A, T) mk_(vecpt, A, T) mk_(vvecpt, A, T) mk_(ptvec, A, T) mk_(ptvvec, A, T) mk_(spn, A, T) mk_(itl, A, T)
mk(b, bool) mk(i, i32) mk(u, u32) mk(ii, i64) mk(uu, u64);
#undef mk
#undef mk_

using namespace std::literals;
CEXP i8 operator""_i8(unsigned long long x) { return (i8)x; }
CEXP i16 operator""_i16(unsigned long long x) { return (i16)x; }
CEXP i32 operator""_i32(unsigned long long x) { return (i32)x; }
CEXP i64 operator""_i64(unsigned long long x) { return (i64)x; }
CEXP isz operator""_iz(unsigned long long x) { return (isz)x; }

CEXP u8 operator""_u8(unsigned long long x) { return (u8)x; }
CEXP u16 operator""_u16(unsigned long long x) { return (u16)x; }
CEXP u32 operator""_u32(unsigned long long x) { return (u32)x; }
CEXP u64 operator""_u64(unsigned long long x) { return (u64)x; }
CEXP usz operator""_uz(unsigned long long x) { return (usz)x; }

inline const auto fn_0 = [](auto&&...) {};
inline const auto fn_is0 = [](auto x) { return x == 0; };

template <std::floating_point FP>
inline FP eps_v = std::sqrt(std::numeric_limits<FP>::epsilon());
template <std::floating_point FP>
CEXP void set_eps(FP v) { eps_v<FP> = v; }
using std::numbers::pi_v;

namespace tifa_libs {
using std::min, std::max, std::swap;
template <class T>
constexpr T abs(T x) { return x < 0 ? -x : x; }
}  // namespace tifa_libs


#line 5 "src/code/util/traits.hpp"

namespace tifa_libs {

template <class T>
concept iterable_c = requires(T v) {
  { v.begin() } -> std::same_as<TPN T::iterator>;
  { v.end() } -> std::same_as<TPN T::iterator>;
};

template <class T>
concept container_c = iterable_c<T> && !std::derived_from<T, std::basic_string<TPN T::value_type>> && !std::derived_from<T, std::basic_string_view<TPN T::value_type>>;

template <class T>
CEXP bool is_char_v = std::is_same_v<T, char> || std::is_same_v<T, signed char> || std::is_same_v<T, unsigned char>;
template <class T>
concept char_c = is_char_v<T>;

template <class T>
CEXP bool is_s128_v = std::is_same_v<T, __int128_t> || std::is_same_v<T, __int128>;
template <class T>
concept s128_c = is_s128_v<T>;

template <class T>
CEXP bool is_u128_v = std::is_same_v<T, __uint128_t> || std::is_same_v<T, unsigned __int128>;
template <class T>
concept u128_c = is_u128_v<T>;

template <class T>
CEXP bool is_i128_v = is_s128_v<T> || is_u128_v<T>;
template <class T>
concept i128_c = is_u128_v<T>;

template <class T>
CEXP bool is_int_v = std::is_integral_v<T> || is_i128_v<T>;
template <class T>
concept int_c = is_int_v<T>;

template <class T>
CEXP bool is_sint_v = is_s128_v<T> || (is_int_v<T> && std::is_signed_v<T>);
template <class T>
concept sint_c = is_sint_v<T>;

template <class T>
CEXP bool is_uint_v = is_u128_v<T> || (is_int_v<T> && std::is_unsigned_v<T>);
template <class T>
concept uint_c = is_uint_v<T>;

template <class T>
concept mint_c = requires(T x) {
  { x.mod() } -> uint_c;
  { x.val() } -> uint_c;
};

template <class T>
concept dft_c = requires(T x, vec<TPN T::data_t> v, u32 n) {
  { x.size() } -> std::same_as<u32>;
  x.bzr(n);
  x.dif(v, n);
  x.dit(v, n);
};

template <class T>
concept ntt_c = dft_c<T> && requires(T x) {
  T::max_size;
  T::G;
};

template <class T>
CEXP bool is_arithm_v = std::is_arithmetic_v<T> || is_int_v<T>;
template <class T>
concept arithm_c = is_arithm_v<T>;

template <class T>
struct to_sint : std::make_signed<T> {};
template <>
struct to_sint<u128> {
  using type = u128;
};
template <>
struct to_sint<i128> {
  using type = u128;
};
template <class T>
using to_sint_t = TPN to_sint<T>::type;

template <class T>
struct to_uint : std::make_unsigned<T> {};
template <>
struct to_uint<u128> {
  using type = u128;
};
template <>
struct to_uint<i128> {
  using type = u128;
};
template <class T>
using to_uint_t = TPN to_uint<T>::type;

}  // namespace tifa_libs


#line 5 "src/code/math/safe_mod.hpp"

namespace tifa_libs::math {

template <sint_c T>
CEXP T safe_mod(T x, to_uint_t<T> mod) { return ((x %= (T)mod) < 0 ? x + (T)mod : x); }

}  // namespace tifa_libs::math


#line 1 "src/code/nt/exgcd.hpp"



#line 5 "src/code/nt/exgcd.hpp"

namespace tifa_libs::math {

// Binary exgcd
template <uint_c U, bool only_x = false>
CEXP auto exgcd_b(U a, U b) {
  using T = to_sint_t<U>;
  if CEXP (only_x) {
    if (!a) return std::make_tuple(b, (T)0);
    if (!b) return std::make_tuple(a, (T)1);
  } else {
    if (!a) return std::make_tuple(b, (T)0, (T) !!b);
    if (!b) return std::make_tuple(a, (T)1, (T)0);
  }
  auto r = std::__countr_zero(a | b);
  a >>= r, b >>= r;
  T x = (T)a, y = (T)b, s = 1, t = 0, u = 0, v = 1;
  while (x) {
    while (!(x & 1))
      if (x /= 2; !((s | t) & 1)) s /= 2, t /= 2;
      else s = (s + (T)b) / 2, t = (t - (T)a) / 2;
    while (!(y & 1))
      if (y /= 2; !((u | v) & 1)) u /= 2, v /= 2;
      else u = (u + (T)b) / 2, v = (v - (T)a) / 2;
    if (x >= y) x -= y, s -= u, t -= v;
    else y -= x, u -= s, v -= t;
  }
  if (y > 1) a /= (U)y, b /= (U)y;
  if (a && (U)abs(v) >= a) {
    const T _ = v / (T)a;
    v -= _ * (T)a, u += _ * (T)b;
  }
  if (b && (U)abs(u) >= b) {
    const T _ = u / (T)b;
    u -= _ * (T)b, v += _ * (T)a;
  }
  if (T u_ = u + (T)b, v_ = v - (T)a; abs(u_) + abs(v_) <= abs(u) + abs(v)) u = u_, v = v_;
  if (T u_ = u - (T)b, v_ = v + (T)a; abs(u_) + abs(v_) <= abs(u) + abs(v)) u = u_, v = v_;
  if CEXP (only_x) return std::make_tuple(U(y << r), u);
  else return std::make_tuple(U(y << r), u, v);
}
// @return then return tuple(g, x[, y]) s.t. g = gcd(a, b), xa + yb = g, |x| + |y| is the minimal (primary) and x <= y (secondarily)
template <sint_c T, bool only_x = false>
CEXP auto exgcd(T a, T b) {
  using U = to_uint_t<T>;
  if (auto [x, y] = std::minmax(a, b); x >= 0 && y <= T(U(-1) >> sizeof(U))) return exgcd_b<U, only_x>((U)a, (U)b);
  if CEXP (only_x) {
    T s = 1, u = 0;
    while (b) {
      T c = a / b;
      std::tie(s, u, a, b) = std::make_tuple(u, s - u * c, b, a - b * c);
    }
    return std::make_tuple((U)a, s);
  } else {
    T s = 1, t = 0, u = 0, v = 1;
    while (b) {
      T c = a / b;
      std::tie(s, t, u, v, a, b) = std::make_tuple(u, v, s - u * c, t - v * c, b, a - b * c);
    }
    return std::make_tuple((U)a, s, t);
  }
}

}  // namespace tifa_libs::math


#line 6 "src/code/nt/inv_gcd.hpp"

namespace tifa_libs::math {

template <uint_c T>
CEXP ptt<T> inv_gcd(T n, T mod) {
  using U = to_sint_t<T>;
  auto [g, x] = exgcd<U, true>(U(n % mod), (U)mod);
  return {g, safe_mod(x, mod)};
}

}  // namespace tifa_libs::math


#line 5 "src/code/nt/inverse.hpp"

namespace tifa_libs::math {

template <uint_c T, uint_c U>
CEXP U inverse(T n, U mod) {
  auto [g, x] = inv_gcd(U(n % mod), mod);
  assert(g == 1);
  return x;
}

}  // namespace tifa_libs::math


#line 6 "src/code/math/mint.hpp"

namespace tifa_libs::math {

template <class D, uint_c Rt>
class mint {
  CEXP D CR d() const { return static_cast<D CR>(*this); }
  CEXP D &d() { return static_cast<D &>(*this); }

 protected:
  Rt v_{};

 public:
  CEXP mint() {}
  template <int_c T>
  CEXP mint(T v) : v_(D::mod_(v)) {}
  CEXP operator D() { return d(); }

  using raw_type = Rt;
  using sraw_type = to_sint_t<Rt>;
  static CEXP raw_type mod() { return D::mod_(); }
  static CEXP sraw_type smod() { return (sraw_type)D::mod_(); }
  CEXP raw_type val() const { return d().val_(); }
  CEXP sraw_type sval() const { return (sraw_type)d().val_(); }
  CEXP raw_type &data() { return d().data_(); }
  template <int_c T>
  explicit CEXP operator T() const { return (T)val(); }
  CEXP mint &operator+=(mint CR r) { return d().adde_(r.d()); }
  CEXP mint &operator-=(mint CR r) { return d().sube_(r.d()); }
  CEXP mint &operator*=(mint CR r) { return d().mule_(r.d()); }
  CEXP mint &operator/=(mint CR r) { return *this = *this * r.inv(); }
  CEXP mint CR operator+() const { return *this; }
  CEXP mint operator-() const { return d().neg_(); }
  CEXP mint inv() const { return inverse(val(), mod()); }
  friend CEXP mint operator+(mint l, mint CR r) { return l += r; }
  friend CEXP mint operator-(mint l, mint CR r) { return l -= r; }
  friend CEXP mint operator*(mint l, mint CR r) { return l *= r; }
  friend CEXP mint operator/(mint l, mint CR r) { return l /= r; }
  friend CEXP bool operator==(mint CR l, mint CR r) { return l.val() == r.val(); }
  friend CEXP auto operator<=>(mint CR l, mint CR r) { return l.sval() - r.sval(); }
  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, mint &x) {
    i64 _;
    return is >> _, x = mint(_), is;
  }
  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, mint CR x) { return os << x.val(); }
  friend CEXP mint abs(mint CR x) { return x.val(); }
};

}  // namespace tifa_libs::math
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